Publication: IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications Publication Date: 2008/09/01 Vol. E91-BNo. 9pp. 2818-2827 Type of Manuscript: Special Section PAPER (IEICE/IEEE Joint Special Section on Autonomous Decentralized Systems Theories and Application Deployments) Category: Ad Hoc Networks Keyword: routing protocol, MANET, energy balanced, cost efficiency, lifetime prediction,