Audio Watermarking Based on Eigenvalue Decomposition

Pranab KUMAR DHAR  Tetsuya SHIMAMURA  

Publication
IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences   Vol.E97-A   No.12   pp.2658-2661
Publication Date: 2014/12/01
Online ISSN: 1745-1337
DOI: 10.1587/transfun.E97.A.2658
Type of Manuscript: LETTER
Category: Cryptography and Information Security
Keyword: 
audio watermarking,  copyright protection,  eigenvalue decomposition,  quantization,  

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Summary: 
This letter presents a new blind audio watermarking scheme using eigenvalue decomposition (EVD). Initially, the original audio is divided into frames and the samples of each frame are arranged into a square matrix. EVD is applied to each of these matrices. Watermark data is embedded into the largest eigenvalue of each diagonal matrix by quantization. Data embedding rate of the proposed scheme is 172.39bps. Simulation results confirm the imperceptibility of the proposed scheme and its higher robustness against various attacks compared to the state-of-the-art watermarking methods available in the literature.