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Improving Elevation Estimation Accuracy in DOA Estimation: How Planar Arrays Can Be Modified into 3-D Configuration
Hiroki MORIYA Koichi ICHIGE Hiroyuki ARAI Takahiro HAYASHI Hiromi MATSUNO Masayuki NAKANO
Publication
IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences
Vol.E95-A
No.10
pp.1667-1675 Publication Date: 2012/10/01 Online ISSN: 1745-1337
DOI: 10.1587/transfun.E95.A.1667 Print ISSN: 0916-8508 Type of Manuscript: Special Section PAPER (Special Section on Advances in Adaptive Signal Processing and Applications) Category: DOA Keyword: direction of arrival estimation, array signal processing, sensor arrays, antenna arrays,
Full Text: PDF>>
Summary:
This paper presents a simple 3-D array configuration for high-resolution 2-D Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimation. Planar array structures like Uniform Rectangular Array (URA) or Uniform Circular Array (UCA) often well estimate azimuth angle but cannot well estimate elevation angle because of short antenna aperture in elevation direction. One may put more number of array elements to improve elevation angle estimation accuracy, however it will require very large hardware and software cost. This paper presents a simple 3-D array structure for high-resolution 2-D DOA estimation only by modifying the height of some array elements in a planar array. Based on the analysis of Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) formulation and its dependency on the height of array elements, we develop a simple 3-D array structure which improves elevation angle estimation accuracy while preserving azimuth angle estimation accuracy.
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