Analysis of Incoming Wave Distribution in Vertical Plane in Urban Area and Evaluation of Base Station Antenna Effective Gain

Koshiro KITAO  Tetsuro IMAI  

Publication
IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications   Vol.E92-B   No.6   pp.2175-2181
Publication Date: 2009/06/01
Online ISSN: 1745-1345
DOI: 10.1587/transcom.E92.B.2175
Print ISSN: 0916-8516
Type of Manuscript: PAPER
Category: Antennas and Propagation
Keyword: 
mobile radio,  power angle profile,  angle spread,  mean angle,  antenna effective gain,  

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Summary: 
In order to reduce the amount of interference to neighboring cells in cellular systems, we generally use base station (BS) antennas that have sharp beam patterns in the vertical plane; however, the distribution of incoming waves at the BS affects the effective gain of the BS antennas which have directional pattern. Therefore, we have to clarify the characteristics of the distribution of the incoming waves. A recent trend is decreasing the cell radius; therefore, clarifying the distribution of the incoming waves at the BS when mobile stations (MSs) are located within 1 km from the BS is important. In this report, we evaluate the effective gains of the BS antennas, which are calculated using the measured vertical power angle profile (PAP). Moreover, we examine the application of a simple incoming wave model to the evaluation of the antenna effective gains. In the model, the average power of the incoming waves is set to the Laplacian function and each wave is changed to a lognormal distribution. The antenna effective gain calculated using the model agrees well with that calculated using the measured PAP.