A Hierarchical Geographical Routing with Alternative Paths Using Autonomous Clustering for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Hiroshi NAKAGAWA  Satoshi TESHIMA  Tomoyuki OHTA  Yoshiaki KAKUDA 

Publication
IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications  Vol.E94-B  No.1  pp.37-44
Publication Date: 2011/01/01
Online ISSN: 1745-1345
Print ISSN: 0916-8516
Type of Manuscript: Special Section PAPER (IEICE/IEEE Joint Special Section on Autonomous Decentralized Systems Technologies and Their Application to Networked Systems)
Category: Assurance
Keyword: 
ad hoc networks,  autonomous clustering,  geographical routing, 

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Summary: 
Recently in ad hoc networks, routing schemes using location information which is provided by GPS (Global Position System) have been proposed. However, many routing schemes using location information assume that a source node has already known the location information of the destination node and they do not adapt to large ad hoc networks. On another front, the autonomous clustering scheme has been proposed to construct the hierarchical structure in ad hoc networks and adapt to large ad hoc networks. However, even when the hierarchical structure is introduced, there is some problem. The data delivery ratio becomes lower as the node speed becomes higher, and clusterheads have much overhead in the hierarchical routing scheme based on the autonomous clustering scheme. In order to cope with these problems, this paper proposes a new Hierarchical Geographical Routing with Alternative Paths (Hi-GRAP) using the autonomous clustering scheme and shows the effectiveness of the proposed hierarchical geographical routing in comparison with GPSR, Hi-AODV and AODV through simulation experiments with respect to the amount of control packets and the data delivery ratio.